In the fast-developing world of analytical lab technology, precision and accuracy are vital. The demand for automation that streamlines processes without compromising accuracy has never been more apparent. Enter ePrep ONE – the all-in-one powerhouse that not only sets a new standard for analytical efficiency but also transforms the way workflows can be scheduled.
Read on to find out more...
]]>Contrary to the misconception that automation is solely about speed, one of its key benefits is the time it frees up for analysts. Automation addresses this challenge by executing tasks with a predefined set of parameters consistently. Whether it's the preparation or addition of standards, precise aliquoting, or sample injections, automated systems adhere to a standardized workflow, ensuring that each analysis follows the same set of procedures. This not only reduces the likelihood of errors but also streamlines the analytical process for the analyst.
Historically, laboratory automation has primarily concentrated on Life Science applications using a non-organic matrix. However, the challenges faced by analytical chemists involve handling mixed matrix samples undergoing various mixing and separation processes as part of cleanup before analytical measurement.
ePrep ONE exemplifies how its advanced technologies in liquid handling of both organic and inorganic matrices, along with its flexible platform, fully utilize the advantages of automation, bringing unparalleled accuracy to the table in the analytical laboratory.
Precision is a critical factor in analytical chemistry, and automation plays a key role in achieving precise measurements.. This precision is particularly crucial when dealing with small sample volumes, resulting in a reduction in measurement variability and providing analysts with more reliable and consistent data sets.
Maintaining consistency in analytical workflows is often challenging in laboratories where analysts juggle various responsibilities. Automation addresses this challenge by executing tasks with a predefined set of parameters consistently reducing the likelihood of errors and streamlining the analytical process for the analyst.
Automation not only improves data quality but also ensures robust traceability. Every step in the analytical process, from sample preparation to data analysis, can be recorded systematically. Confidence in analytical data is paramount and ePrep ONE goes beyond the norm by incorporation RFID scanning technology. This ensures full traceability of sample, decks, and tool throughout the analytical process. This traceability is invaluable for quality control, audit purposes, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. Analysts benefit from a comprehensive record of each analysis, providing a transparent and accountable approach to their work.
As technology continues to advance, the relationship between analysts and automated systems will likely reshape the landscape of analytical laboratories, ushering in an era of heightened efficiency and reliability.
ePrep ONE has emerged as a trailblazer in the field of analytical chemistry providing analysts with a single tool that not only standardizes workflows but also integrates seamlessly with diverse instrument manufacturers. With an ever growing application library ePrep ONE has already demonstrated its credibility and value to elevate workflows in laboratories internationally.
For more information click here or to book a demonstration please contact us by phone email or live chat here
]]>At ESSLAB, we don't just supply products, we deliver analytical solutions backed by technical expertise and unwavering support.
The selection of the right column is a critical factor in ensuring accurate and reproducible results.
The significance of column packing: Why it matters
The success of any chromatographic analysis depends on the precision with which the final column is packed. Achieving excellence in this manufacturing process directly translates into reproducibility —crucial for researchers and analysts striving to replicate their methods weeks, months, or even years later with new replacement columns. Selection by matching up column physical specifications and chemistries might seem straightforward, but the key issue is how consistently these specifications are met during the manufacturing and packing processes.
Macherey-Nagel's commitment to quality: A solid foundation
Macherey-Nagel, a renowned name in chromatography, has set the standard for column manufacturing. Their commitment to stringent quality control and manufacturing processes ensures that each column batch meets the same high standards. This commitment extends to controlled column packing techniques, which play a key role in minimising variability - ensuring consistency in performance. The use of high-purity silica minimizes interference with analyte interactions, ensuring that retention times remain reproducible across different runs. Analysts can rely on the consistency of results, thanks to the excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility.
Peer-reviewed publications:
Columns that are supported by peer-reviewed publications add an additional layer of credibility to their performance claims. Published data provides independent verification of columns’ capabilities, and can serve as an invaluable reference for scientists developing new analytical methods. Publications also demonstrate that columns have been tested and validated by the scientific community.
Method development and optimization:
Reliable columns from reputable manufacturers simplify method development and optimise analytical processes. When working with well-characterized columns, scientists can focus on optimising other parameters of the chromatographic method, such as mobile phase composition, flow rates, and detection conditions, without concerns about column variability.
Regulatory compliance:
In highly regulated industries such as environmental and biopharmaceutical labs, using columns and other essential consumables from manufacturers with established, documented quality systems facilitates regulatory compliance.
ESSLAB’s role: expert guidance in column selection
In the pursuit of chromatographic analytical performance, the analyst is not alone. ESSLAB is a trusted ally, offering sound advice on the selection of columns that align with the analytical demands of each unique application.
Why ESSLAB stands out:
1. Technical expertise:
• ESSLAB's team comprises experienced professionals with a wealth of technical knowledge in chromatography. Analysts benefit from their in-depth knowledge, receiving guidance on selecting columns tailored to their specific needs.
2. Extensive product range:
• ESSLAB’s website proudly hosts an extensive and diverse range of high quality products, including: Macherey-Nagel columns: the high-purity NUCLEODUR, the reliable NUCLEOSIL, and the cutting-edge NUCLEOSHELL. This wide product range allows analysts to choose columns that perfectly suit their analytical requirements.
3. Precision in column matching:
• The team at ESSLAB understands the intricacies of column matching. They ensure that analysts not only match physical specifications and chemistries but also consider the specific demands of their analytical methods, resulting in reliable and reproducible chromatographic performance.
4. Supply chain excellence:
• ESSLAB's robust supply chain ensures that all customers receive high quality products consistently and promptly. This reliability in the supply chain translates into confidence in the continuity of analysis.
Ready to elevate your chromatographic experience with expert guidance in column selection?
ESSLAB's expert team know their stuff but won't overwhelm you with jargon. They'll listen carefully to your requirements and explain the options in a way that makes sense to you.
Whether you're establishing a new method or replacing a column for ongoing analyses, ESSLAB is your trusted partner in achieving sound and reproducible results.
The choices made today impact the results of tomorrow. With ESSLAB by your side, navigate the complexities of column selection with confidence, precision, and the assurance of chromatographic excellence.
Contact us today by live chat, email or phone – essential technical and pricing information can be found here:
]]>ESSLAB’s stance is based on to what extent manufacturers really understand how all their products can significantly impact the analytical process. This goes far beyond merely having ISO 9001 accreditation. Take, for instance, a syringe filter designed to filter at 0.45µm, meeting all quality control criteria—on the surface, it seems fit for purpose. However, if the membrane material used has an adverse effect on the filtrate, sample integrity could be compromised.
The meticulous quality control at Macherey-Nagel spans every stage, from sourcing raw materials to manufacturing and packaging. Each stage undergoes rigorous scrutiny to meet predefined quality benchmarks, minimising batch-to-batch variability and ensuring reliability in all products.
Before releasing products to market, Macherey-Nagel subjects their products to exhaustive testing and validation procedures. This includes performance assessments, durability tests, and validation against all relevant industry standards. Analysts can therefore depend upon consumables that have undergone thorough vetting, assuring accuracy and reliability.
Comprehensive records are retained for every batch of consumables, ensuring traceability back to sources. If an issue arises, this ensures rapid resolution, and maintains consistent batch-to-batch quality and is invaluable for analysts in regulatory compliance, record-keeping and tracking.
This commitment to quality control and adherence to international industry standards ensures the reliability of their consumables with instrument manufacturers’ systems. Compatibility with a wide range of instruments is ensured, enhancing the overall performance of the instruments they are meant to be used with.
ESSLAB continue to have excellent feedback from analysts who have found that Macherey-Nagel's chromatography consumables have directly benefitted them with reliable products essential for accurate and dependable analytical workflows. Consistent performance significantly reduces variability in results, minimising the need for repeat analyses due to consumable-related issues. Confidence in data accuracy and reliability is increased, critical in regulated environments.
ESSLAB, your partners in science, will always place quality and value for money first in our support of delivering credible analytical data.
Please contact us for technical assistance, and for free consumables samples for evaluation.
]]>Analysts produce precise and accurate results with well-designed methodologies using high-quality calibrated instrumentation. Data is carefully checked to ensure the correct results are reported. But what about the often overlooked lab essentials - consumables?
Read on to find out why consumables are so crucial to lab analysis and what should be considered when shopping around.
]]>The quality of vials, caps, tubes, columns, filters, pipette tips etc. is often underappreciated, but is vital for the reliability and reproducibility of your analytical techniques.
Even experienced analytical chemists may be unaware of the potential consequences of switching to low-cost, generic, consumables. Short-term cost savings can significantly impact the integrity and reliability of analytical measurements, resulting in costly repeat analysis. Here are 5 key reasons why:
1. The unpredictable world of variability: Chromatography isn't just about separating compounds; it's about precision and accuracy. Lower cost generic consumables might seem worth considering, but they often introduce an element of variability. Inconsistencies in column packing, irregularities in vial surfaces, or differences in membrane materials can all lead to variations in results.
2. Reliability at risk: The reliability of analytical measurements depends on the stability and consistency of consumables. Switching to generics, without comparison and validation, could compromise the reliability of data. Inaccurate peaks, altered retention times, or unexpected shifts in separation patterns - these deviations could lead to misinterpretation or false conclusions, undermining analytical credibility.
3. Uncertainties creeping in: Each change in consumables introduces an element of uncertainty, potentially compromising results by widening the margins of error. Increased uncertainty means less confidence in interpreting results and the validity of data, especially in regulated laboratories but also in research settings.
4. The hidden costs of quality: While generic consumables might offer immediate cost savings, the hidden costs can outweigh the benefits. Repeated analyses with delays in reporting results, troubleshooting unexpected issues, or potential instrument damage due to poor-quality consumables—these hidden expenses can quickly negate any initial savings.
5. The quest for consistency: Consistency is vital in chromatography for reproducible results. High-quality validated consumables ensure that analysis can be replicated with minimal batch-to-batch variations. Consistency strengthens the foundations for all scientific work.
Analysts should play a pivotal role in the selection of all key consumables. Their first-hand experience, expertise, and understanding of the intricacies of analytical techniques uniquely position them to make informed decisions that directly impact the quality and reliability of their analyses.
All the increased uncertainties of measurement should be considered when contemplating the shift to low-cost generics. While cost considerations are essential, any potential compromise on analytical integrity due to generic consumables is a risk not worth taking.
Laboratories today recognise that investment in instrumentation which delivers on the very highest level of sensitivity and readability has become essential. Investment harnesses the full potential of their skilled analysts, delivers on agreed analytical metrics, and ensures the accuracy and reliability of their results. In this increasingly demanding industry, why make the investment in instrumentation, and skilled analysts and then compromise data with low quality consumables?
With over 50 years' experience working in an industry where the demands of analytical performance and regulatory compliance have never been more important, ESSLAB, your partner in science, will always place quality and value for money first in our support of delivering credible analytical data.
Shop our range of Chromatography Consumables online, or get in touch with our technical specialists to find out more, or for free samples for evaluation.
]]>ISO 8655:2022 is the new international regulation for piston-operated volumetric apparatus, covering everything from pipette selection and pipetting techniques to user training requirements.
Realising credible analytical data is a challenge for all laboratories, but should we assume that it is valid just based on accreditation?
]]>Realising credible analytical data is a challenge for all laboratories, but should we assume that it is valid just based on accreditation?
Decisions that affect health, welfare, manufacturing efficiency and quality are only as good as the information that they are based upon, and data is only as good as the people and processes that generate them. Laboratories performing quantitative and qualitative analyses follow protocols that have satisfied method validation. Accurate instrument calibration is the most important aspect of reliable data generation. Additionally, it is widely acknowledged that a significant factor affecting analytical precision and uncertainty is selection of the right equipment together with the competence and training of analysts.
If results are reported purely on assumptions that analytical data is accurate based on laboratories’ accreditation alone, this may not prove to be sound.
These issues have been addressed in the recent extension to ISO 8655:2022 which provides valuable user guidance regarding the selection of piston-operated volumetric apparatus (POVA) and best practice for use. This new document specifies requirements for user training and competence and introduces revised performance tolerances and testing methods of POVA to ensure fitness for its intended use.
As a result of many years practical experience working with a wide range of laboratories, we have noted that analysts are often able to realise a good level of pipetting and dispensing precision, however performance may be precisely inaccurate.
ESSLAB’s CPD accredited Pipetting Academy Workshops cover much more than the new requirements in ISO/DIS 8655 Parts 1-10, but also guidance on pipetting “challenging” liquids such as viscous & foaming liquids.
The workshop concludes with an often highly competitive pipetting test using a 5 decimal place balance and Pipette Wizard calibration software to find out who is the top performer in the lab. The winner receives a prize – and all participants receive a CPD accredited certificate.
Our range of Pipetting Academy workshops provide comprehensive training for all pipette users and for individuals responsible for regular pipette calibration. Workshops can be customised for all your applications, contact us now to find out more!
The first instalment of ESSLAB's Guest Blogger series, an interview with Dr L. U. Ent - Chromatographer Extraordinaire.
Read the full article to find out everything there is to know about eluent; it's properties, uses, and how to store it to get the best analytical results.
]]>Performance Delivered
I may sound a little full of myself here, but without me you’re probably not realising your full analytical potential. Indeed, I am told that I am a critical part of your ability to generate consistent and reliable analytical measurements. I am your ion chromatography eluent, designed for use with AS22 columns. I have been formulated to optimise the selectivity and retention time between the multivalent and monovalent sample ions.
What am I used for?
Ion Chromatography eluents may be a combination of salts in deionised water that function as a buffer and to provide a stable pH environment, contributing to the separation and selectivity of components in a sample. The most common eluent is a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate, in proportions of the monovalent (HCO3−) or divalent (CO3 2-) ions for the analysis of anions.
So, why am I different to what you may have used?
I have been manufactured using exactly the same processes that allow my team to produce ISO 17034 Certified Reference Materials. I am highly homogeneous, stable, and “lean”, that is to say, my team have the ability to repeat my manufacturing process over and over and get the same results every time.
How do I work?
Typically, the pH of carbonate eluents is around pH 4 due to the carbonic acid which is formed when the eluent passes through the suppressor. At this pH with a pKa of 6.36, analytes are converted to strong acids and fully dissociated, whilst the level of dissociation is controlled by the pH of the eluent. It is only the dissociated ions that will give rise to electrolytic conductivity and detector signal response.
Is it important how I am looked after?
I am a bit particular about where I’m stored, and about Good Laboratory Practice, because it may affect the way I work. My container must be sanitised through an extensive, validated de-ionised water leaching procedure to be measurably clean, and I don’t like intrusions made by pipettes and Class A glassware that may compromise my performance standards.
How should I be used?
Current best practice advises that I am purged daily with helium, which has very low solubility in water, to provide consistency with more stability. I should also be filtered through a suitable 0.45 µm or 0.2 µm pore size filter to prolong my life, protect the column and pump from potential damage and prevent blocking of the inlet filter. In my concentrated form, I can be added to the diluent using appropriate micropipettes and clean disposable tips, followed by gentle agitation to ensure homogeneity without introduction of air. If air is mixed with eluent it will be introduced into the pump head and will result in erratic flow resulting in unstable base lines and extended retention times.
What type of filter should I be used with?
Filter selection is very important, cellulose membranes may be unstable at my pH and release contaminants which may impact your analysis. Polyethysulphone (PES) and hydrophilic PTFE filters are a good choice. I am typically prepared for use with deionised water in volumes of approximately 2 litres, having a conductivity of < 0.10 μS/cm, from stock concentrates as a simple 1:10 dilution. Deionised water usually has a final filtration step to 0.5 µm and therefore should require no further treatment apart from degassing when added.
So - how do I improve your data?
I work as part your instrument solutions team. With my co-workers, the column, the suppressor, and the detector we have everything covered.
To enable the detection of the low levels of analyte from my higher concentration’s dissolved ions, eluent conductivity needs to be suppressed. Suppressors are needed for trace analysis of anions in the low ppm range (mg/L) using conductivity detection. Suppressors enhance the signal-to-noise ratio by increasing sensitivity and reducing the background by removing eluent cations and replacing them with hydronium ions (protons), thereby neutralizing the eluent. The suppressor is thus connected downstream of the separation column before the detector to enable detection of analytes. Without the suppressor, the background conductivity is not measured by the detector - worsening the limit of detection. However, with the suppressor, there is an additional benefit of increasing the analyte ion signal, thereby improving detection limits.
As an eluent I have an elevated level of conductivity due to the level of salts. Although I am very important and have an essential role, my sheer presence can undermine the visibility of those smaller individual components within the eluate. I understand that because detection of anions in ion chromatography is mostly accomplished through electrolytic conductivity, my activity needs to be calmed down or, as my co-workers say, suppressed, to enable the detection of the low levels of analytes from my higher concentration’s dissolved ions.
So why should you invite me to be part of your analytical team?
I’m clean, consistent, and due to me being manufactured to the very highest standards, ensure your analytical measurement is carried out with consistency, without fuss and the greatest level of confidence. Additionally, with my TCT packaging I have a shelf life of up to 5 years!
]]>Due to the wide variety of analyte and matrix combinations available, many CRMs fall into at least one hazard group, classing them as 'Dangerous Goods' meaning they must be handled, packed and shipped in specific ways.
]]>CRMs are essential for achieving traceability and comparability of analytical results between laboratories. There is a wide variety of analyte, concentration and matrix combinations available from CRM manufacturers, enabling analysts to select CRMs appropriate for the samples routinely analysed.
Due to this wide variety of analyte and matrix combinations, many CRMs fall into at least one hazard group, classing them as 'Dangerous Goods' meaning they must be handled, packed and shipped in specific ways.
What makes inorganic CRMs hazardous?
The most common hazardous products manufactured contain nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid, further information can be seen here.
In addition to a Certificate of Analysis, all CRMs must be accompanied by a comprehensive Safety Data Sheet providing comprehensive handling and safety information with respect to:
Typically, all anion chromatography standards are prepared in a matrix of water and therefore not classified as hazardous and can be shipped as non-hazardous aqueous solutions. For the same reasons, a few cation standards also non-hazardous as are Water QC standards.
Depending on the hazard group, and method of the goods' travel, senders must adhere to strict shipping regulations;
Air freight shipping regulations
Unfortunately, approximately 95% of all inorganic CRM’s fall into at least one of the nine hazard classes regulated by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Due to this, specialist handling by the shipper and freight handler is required, which significantly increases shipping costs. To minimise these costs and avoid stock-outs, an understanding of how these charges and regulations work, enable distributors and end-users to plan efficiently.
Road freight shipping regulations
As with air freight, transporting hazardous goods by road is also strictly regulated. Most European countries have signed up to ADR* regulations, ensuring that such goods can cross international borders freely providing all documentation for goods, vehicles, and drivers comply with its rules.
In addition to inorganic CRMs, other hazardous goods include laboratory chemicals, radioactive materials, compressed gases, and contaminated material. At times, these materials need to be shipped to a different site or back to the manufacturer. It is important to comply with how these shipments are regulated, as failure to understand these regulations poses a risk to safety and can result in legal prosecution. The shipper and carrier must demonstrate continuous technical proficiency and qualification from the designated authorities to properly classify, prepare, package, and handle hazardous materials in strict compliance with IATA, ADR or IMDG regulations.
Consider the potential issues: avoidable additional costs, delays, and sustainability
ESSLAB trained personnel ensure on-time deliveries at minimum cost
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A recent thought-provoking blog in the LCGC Journal* reviewed current practice in accredited laboratories highlighting concerns that many current analytical methods have not kept pace with recent developments in technologies. The authors commented that the fact that an organisation’s analytical procedures are well documented, does not always mean that their analytical data is credible.
Unreliable measurements can affect patient safety, have an environmental impact, affect product quality and manufacturing efficiency, impacting competitiveness and profitability.
Analytical instruments able to routinely measure ppm and ppb levels have become more sensitive over the years, in line with changes in food, beverage, environmental, clinical, research & manufacturing compliance.
How can we know analytical laboratories are producing reliable data?
ISO 17025 accreditation is intended to indicate reliable data production because a series of compliance training, proficiency testing, and validations is required to achieve compliance. However, current procedures may not have kept pace with technological advances.
Many laboratories realise good levels of precision, although accuracy is often questioned. Certified Reference Material (CRM) quality has become more important to assure traceability, precision, and accuracy. If the metrological quality of the standards used in different laboratories is unclear, discrepancies will be inevitable when different labs analyse the same sample. The data is only meaningful if it is underpinned by the use of reliable ISO 17034 standards used to calibrate instruments that validate and verify data.
How can specialist suppliers add value?
ESSLAB’s Application Specialists have the required skills and experience to work with clients to review current sample preparation, and precision liquid handling techniques employed for Certified Reference Materials and samples, in addition to advising on suitable CRMs used to calibrate instruments and verify analytical performance.How confident are we in the data produced by analytical measurements?
Technological advances in analytical systems and techniques have improved significantly over the past 10 years. However, we should ask, are current workflows still “fit for purpose” assuring precision, accuracy, and process efficiency? Three key questions that need to be considered:
Follow this comprehensive checklist to ensure confidence in analytical data
Technological developments have seen major improvements in instrument software simplifying setup, running, and validation of methods supportive of industry compliant protocols. Whilst instrument software often provides options to correct for background and spectral interferences, ESSLAB still advocate the inclusion quality standards to identify possible background signal under the analyte peak.
In addition, more frequent performance testing of the instrument will verify that performance criteria satisfies agreed metrics. Poor instrument setup is often the cause of performance problems or instrument failure.
The stability of the Certified Reference Material once it has been opened is entirely dependent on the frequency and how it is used. Observing the following recommendations will assure confidence in the certified value.
(Regulatory bodies recommend or require at least annual replacement.)
This is due to the changing concentration of the standard through container transpiration mentioned earlier, and the possibility of an operator error through general usage. A mistake may occur the first time a stock standard solution is used, or it may never occur with the probability increasing with use and time.
In addition, the transpiration concentration effect occurs whether the standard solution is opened / used or not and increases with use and increased vapour space (transpiration rate is proportional to the ratio of the circumference of the bottle opening to vapour space).
Using a standard for longer than a year is a risky proposition.
Further potential issues worth considering to improve precision, accuracy, and efficiency in the laboratory:
CoA’s contain critical technical information on each Certified Reference Materials use and suitability for a given application. They provide clear information of the traceable value of the measurands and the trace metal impurities’ (TMI’s) concentration levels.
Trace metal impurity levels may not be used as certified values; however, they should always be taken into account when considering use for specific applications. Just knowing that impurities are low is insufficient, TMI analysis data detailed on the Certificate of Analysis gives analysts a much greater understanding of the CRM purity. Although not required by ISO, Trace Metal Impurity data provides a complete picture for the analyst.
The CoA should specify exactly how the CRM manufacturer accomplished traceability, for example NIST traceability requires the Uncertainty of Measurement to be stated. Error Budgets must be carefully defined for every CRM and all significant errors are factored into the Uncertainty of Measurement.
Certified Reference Material storage conditions are also detailed on each Certificate of Analysis together with lot shelf life and expiration date. There is a difference between shelf life and expiration date: shelf life is the period the product satisfies its certified value assuming it is unopened and stored under appropriate conditions, expiration date is the period it should remain in use after opening.
The use and preparation of reliable Certified Reference Materials, with traceability to international standards has proven to be key to realising analytical performance targets.
If results obtained from different laboratories are to be comparable, it is essential that all results are based on reliable Certified Reference Materials with full traceability to recognised international standards. Any differences between the quality of the CRMs used in different laboratories can result in large inter-laboratory variability for the same samples.
When reviewing analytical method modifications, only method performance improvement and not cost should be considered. As with original validated methods, any alteration should outline how quality is assured (e.g., calibration and quantitation using internal standardisation, comparison of acquired mass spectra and retention times to reference spectra and retention times for calibration standards acquired under identical conditions.
Whilst many laboratories often make material changes to manage costs, they are often more reticent to change the factors which affect the reliability of results, which require investment in time, bringing efficiencies to performance and to deliver real benefits to health, manufacturing process and costs.
- maybe now is the time for a more in-depth review?
If you believe you may benefit from technical input from ESSLAB, please contact our Application Specialist Team
More information:
Download 'Factors Influencing Precision When Measuring Natural Samples Using ICP-MS'
]]>Cyanide is a complex chemical that exists in various states throughout nature, encompassing a wide range of substances containing carbon-nitrogen bonds.
It has been made infamous by crime novels and war movies as a rapid and deadly poison.
]]>Cyanide is a complex chemical that exists in various states throughout nature, encompassing a wide range of substances containing carbon-nitrogen bonds. It has been made infamous by crime novels and war movies as a rapid and deadly poison. Reality, of course, is more complicated than fiction.
In this article, ESSLAB explore the hazards of cyanide and how to test for cyanide with a focus on the use of Inorganic Ventures cyanide standards for controlling the quality of potable water, and Macherey-Nagel QUANTOFIX semi-quantitative rapid test strips for environmental monitoring.
Some cyanides are present in the food we eat, although national and international food safety regulators ensure that concentrations never exceed safe levels of consumption. Almonds, for instance, contain a naturally occurring cyanogenic glycoside known as amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide when consumed. These naturally occurring cyanides typically pose few issues to consumers.
Regulators are primarily concerned with manufactured cyanides that enter ecosystems through industrial runoff. Steelworks, landfill sites, mining processes, organic chemistry, wastewater treatment facilities, and others can discharge process water and waste into the environment. Recent studies have proved inconclusive in how cyanides break down and accumulate in different biospheres, with ongoing investigations into the effects of cyanide contamination on various soil microbes.
One of the main risk factors associated with industrial runoff is the potential for drinking water contamination. Typically, the concentration of cyanide in sources of drinking water ranges from 0.001 – 0.011 parts per million (ppm).
Field testing with rapid cyanide detection test strips is often used by industry prior to discharge, these rapid semi-quantitative colorimetric test strips require no instrumentation and provide results in under 5 minutes.
To eliminate between-user variability and to ensure full traceability, the optional QUANTOFIX Relax strip reader records results, time, date and sample ID - generating reports in print or digital format. A useful additional lab application is to pre-qualify samples prior to analysis on high-end instrumentation.
In the laboratory, cyanide Certified Reference Materials (CRM’s) are used to ensure the accuracy and reproducibility in the analytical data produced. They allow traceable monitoring of potable water quality against safe levels mandated by regulatory bodies, including the Environmental Agency and the World Health Organisation.
Inorganic Ventures develop and manufacture a wide range of ISO 17034 Certified Reference Materials, traceable to NIST, for ISO 17025 accredited laboratories to ensure compliance with environmental standards. Inorganic Ventures offer 1000ug/mL Cyanide standards as well as a large range of Wastewater standards, click the links below to find out more.
Inorganic Ventures 1000ug/mL Cyanide Standard
View the full Inorganic Ventures Wastewater Standards range
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Accredited organisations acknowledge the need to demonstrate credibility of analytical data by using reference materials that have been certified and have traceability to Internationally recognised standards such as International System of Units (SI), or bodies such as the National Institute for Science & Technology (NIST).
ISO 17034:2016 is an international accreditation governing Reference Material Producers (RMP) and specifies general requirements for the competence and consistent operation of their processes. ISO17034 accreditation provides an added level of confidence and assurance that international guidelines are followed in the production, labelling, and assignment of property values to materials, including stability and homogeneity determinations. In addition to providing assurance of technical competence and good quality management practices, accreditation involves verification of critical production management of the RMP.
While ISO 17034 specifies general requirements for RMP operations, specific levels of accuracy are required for each reference material appropriate to its intended purpose.
The US Pharmacopeia (USP) follows similar guidelines to other auditable accredited analytical laboratories providing guidance and methods supportive of risk assessed analytical needs. USP have developed several procedures to regulate the purity and competence of all pharmaceutical products entering the market, regardless of where they are produced.
USP <791> refers to the standardised test method for pH measurements used in the pharmaceutical, food and beverage, patient care, and dietary supplement industry. The method defines the suitability of the manufacturing process of a product based on pH readings. This standard applies not only to pills or pharma medicines, but it also covers the control of the production of food and beverage, patient care or dietary supplement industry.
USP <791> outlines the requirements of the pH measuring system and the calibration and verification standards used. USP has specified that commercially available buffer solutions for pH meter standardisation, standardised by methods traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), are labelled with a pH value accurate to 0.01 pH unit.
A deciding factor in reducing measurement inaccuracies is choosing the right CRMs for calibration, using fresh standard solutions and correct number of calibration points are key to an accurate and reliable pH measurement. Proper handling and storage of the calibration buffers, as well as a good measurement practice or an adequate maintenance, storage cleaning, and regeneration of the electrode used, help to reduce measurement errors, and increase the accuracy of every pH measurement being made.
Sensor calibration is fundamental for a reliable pH analysis, and hence imperative to ensure the reliability and quality of the manufactured products. This calibration is performed by submerging the sensor into calibration buffers of known pH value.
USP <791> states that a minimum of two buffers must be used for the calibration in addition to a Certified quality control buffer to verify performance and have a value between the two buffers used in calibration. For instance, if a sample is expected to be pH 5.5, calibration must include buffers of pH 4 to 7 (or similar).
Laboratory pH meters commonly use automatic buffer recognition when performing sensor calibration, it is essential when calibrating sensors according to <USP791> to select the NIST buffer set (pH 1.68, 4.01, 6.86, 9.18, 10.01, & 12.45) within the instrument set up options when calibration electrode
The most common cause of error in pH measurements is temperature which will influence pH measurement through drift which can occur when the internal elements of the pH and reference electrodes are reaching thermal equilibrium after a temperature change. The pH values of buffers and samples will change with variations in temperature because of their temperature pH versus temperature theory dependent chemical equilibria. The pH electrode should be calibrated with buffers that have known pH values at different temperatures.
Inorganic Ventures USP<791> CRMs satisfy traceability of pH buffer CRMs to Lot specific NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) and are additionally supported by industry leading ISO17034 certification, providing temperature profiling and up to 5 years shelf life satisfied through the Transpiration Control Technology (TCT) developed by Inorganic Ventures.
What is Transpiration Control Technology (TCT)?
PFAS, the ‘forever chemicals’, are a group of over 9,000 different chemicals, some of which are already banned or highly restricted.
Their widespread use has resulted in adverse effects on the environment and human health.
]]>PFAS, the ‘forever chemicals’, are a group of over 9,000 different chemicals, some of which are already banned or highly restricted. Their widespread use has resulted in adverse effects on the environment and human health. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and Environment Agency (EA) are currently re-assessing PFAS risks to health and the environment, to advise REACH UK to update the legislation on their use.
Our food should remain safe! To ensure vigilance, more quality and safety controls of a wider variety of foodstuffs are required due to changes in industrial
processes and their effect on the environment.
Scientific studies have associated exposure to a number of PFAS with severe adverse health effects, including cancer, and impacts on the immune, reproductive and hormone systems.
Since the 1960s, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorised specific PFAS for use in certain food packaging applications for their non-stick and grease, oil, and water-resistant properties. The highest PFAS concentrations have been consistently found in moulded fibre products, (e.g., bowls, plates, and food boxes).
PFAS legislation in the USA is ahead of most countries, including the UK. The FDA initially published an official method for PFAS determination in various food types to support food safety (FDA Method C-010.01). This method was updated in December 2021 to version C-010.02.
We have created a useful Application Note for Method C-010.02, which is a robust and quick method for the quantitative determination of PFAS in food products such as milk, curd cheese, bread, egg and vegetables.
Find the right products for your food analysis application from our wide range. If you do not find the products or technical resources you are looking for, please CONTACT US.
Read more about PFAS here…
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When trying to remove washout issues with ICP standards, it is vital to ensure that all parts of the sample introduction system are clean. Some elements are more challenging to remove through standard cleaning processes and may require that parts are soaked in cleaning solution or even replaced more frequently. One specific part that can be easy to overlook is PVC Peristaltic Pump Tubing.
]]>Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Mass Spectrometry employs an inductively coupled plasma to ionise a sample. It atomizes the sample and forms atomic and small polyatomic ions which can then be detected.
In a trace-level, elemental analysis method, emission spectra of a sample are learnt to recognise and quantify the elements present through use of characterised ICP standards and quantified by the intensity of the same lines.
Trace analysis is often thought of as an analyte concentration low enough to cause challenges. The challenges may be caused by the sample size, matrix, or washout issues.
What Can be Done about Washout?
Washout refers to sample solution being removed from the sample introduction system during analysis. Ensuring that the previous sample has been completely removed before introducing the next sample for analysis will eliminate carryover contamination from one sample to the next. This carryover contamination can cause incorrect results by either introducing interferences that should not be present or artificially adding elements of interest.
Some solutions contain elements that need Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) to maintain stability. Sample introduction systems are used in ICP and are often made of borosilicate glass. Introducing samples containing HF will cause Boron and Silicon to leach out of the glass sample introduction system parts and into the sample solution. ICP analysts will sometimes use a HF resistant system such as PFTE and PFA, however certain elements will still leach out of the coatings used in the plastic sample introduction parts. This carryover from HF resistant sample introduction system parts will increase as the concentration of HF increases.
When trying to remove washout issues with ICP standards, it is vital to ensure that all parts of the sample introduction system are clean. Some elements are more challenging to remove through standard cleaning processes and may require that parts are soaked in cleaning solution or even replaced more frequently. One specific part that can be easy to overlook is PVC Peristaltic Pump Tubing, see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mlBlBKzaew
Performing the correct rinse protocol is a critical part of avoiding washout issues. It can take some experimentation to understand how much time should be spent rinsing the equipment, and which rinse solution should be used, but it is of the utmost importance. Dilute acid or water may be sufficient to ensure the elimination of carryover contamination for relatively simple sample analysis. However, depending on the instrument method and the analytes/concentrations of interest the ICP analyst may choose to use more exotic rinse solutions.
ESSLAB advocate changing peristaltic tubing on a regular basis to obviate potential contamination issues and reducing cleaning/washout procedures. Aged pump tubing is prone to contamination with so called “sticky elements”; Good housekeeping and regular replacement result in runs of more samples free of “memory” interferences.
Summary
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The most common heavy metals found in baby food are inorganic arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury, which are in the World Health Organisation's top 10 chemicals of concern for infants and children.
]]>Increased public awareness of potentially high levels of heavy metals in baby food has resulted in manufacturers implementing more rigorous testing protocols. The most common heavy metals found in baby food are inorganic arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury, which are in the World Health Organisation's top 10 chemicals of concern for infants and children.
The development of babies’ brains and other organs can be significantly affected by consumption of the wrong foods, including some fish containing high levels of mercury, and rice which contains high levels of arsenic. These heavy metals also have links to other chronic diseases including cancer.
This blog post will explore how Inorganic Ventures is working in response to current guidelines, creating ISO 17034 Certified Reference Materials (CRM’s) that enable analysts to ensure the safety of baby foods.
What are Certified Reference Materials?
The quality of all analytical measurement is largely dependent on the CRM used by laboratories for their instrument calibration. These high quality analytical standards ensure the accuracy and reproducibility of laboratory analysis. The traceability of these standards is supported by the internationally recognised ISO17034:2016 General requirements for the competence of reference material producers
The relevant CRM’s that have been developed are:
CRM's are not only used for quality control in baby food; their use is critical for analysis in all types of food and beverage.
ESSLAB acknowledge that many customers require Custom CRM’s appropriate to their sample concentrations. We offer a comprehensive range of Stock and Custom CRM’s supportive of analysis of food products and provide ppb range analytes with matrices matching your unique sample digestion process.
Inorganic Ventures are accredited to ISO 17034, ISO 17025, and ISO 9001. With standards you can trust, all products, including their releasing agent, undergo two independent validated assay methods that are performed with reliable QC standards. Quality is guaranteed as every LDPE, HDPE, PVC, glass, and Teflon bottle is processed by chemical treatment, plus full UV inspection is ensured for detection of contaminants.
All products are dispensed, sealed, and documented for shipment to your exact specifications.
]]>Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a high throughput, easy-to-use, and inexpensive technology primarily used to analyse compounds in solution by applying wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. AAS is commonly used in flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Relying on the property of individual atoms to differentially absorb radiation wavelengths, this technology has a plethora of applications including in the analysis of water, food and beverages, and pharmaceuticals, as well as in mining operations to determine the percentage of precious metal in rocks.
The Importance of Releasing Agents
In the process of AAS analysis, analytes are first atomised, in which they are stripped from the solvent, volatilised and, if necessary, dissociated into free atoms. This process allows the characteristic wavelengths of each atom to be emitted and recorded later in the process. The atoms are then excited by a specific energy, raising the electrons in these atoms up one energy level. As the atoms return to their original energy state, they emit light. Because the wavelength of this light is characteristic of the element that produced it, analysts are able to determine specific elements and their concentrations within a sample by measuring the wavelength and intensity of this light and comparing it to a standard.
Sample atomisation is typically carried out using one of two methods: flame atomisation or electrothermal atomisation. When using flame atomisation, it is important to minimize the formation of non-volatile compounds as these can interfere with subsequent quantitative analysis. As such, a releasing agent — a species that preferentially binds to chemical interferents and so prevents its interaction with the analyte — can be added to the sample. For instance, the addition of releasing agents containing lanthanum or strontium ions are effective at complexing with phosphate ions, which can decrease the sensitivity of calcium measurements.
Inorganic Ventures: LACB1 Releasing Agent
Inorganic Ventures, are a manufacturer providing the highest quality Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), offers a range of products to ensure accurate and precise AAS results. The Inorganic Ventures releasing agent, LACB1, contains 1% lanthanum set in a hydrochloric acid matrix (3% v/v) for stability, and is available at 500ml. Certified to the ISO 9001 standard, this product is an effective releasing agent for calcium in the presence of sulphate and phosphate, as well as for magnesium in the presence of aluminium. The use of LACB1 will reduce or eliminate interference and improve accuracy of measurements of the target analyte. ESSLAB also provides custom releasing agents that are available upon request.
Inorganic Ventures are accredited to ISO 17034, ISO 17025, as well as ISO 9001 and are fully supported by Transpiration Control Technology (TCT) which has extended the shelf life of products up to 5 years.
All Inorganic Ventures products, including their releasing agent, undergo two independent validated assay methods that are performed with a reliable QC standard. Indeed, quality is guaranteed as every LDPE, HDPE, PVC, glass, and Teflon bottle is processed by chemical treatment, plus full UV inspection is ensured for detection of contaminants. All products are dispensed, sealed, and documented for shipment to your exact specifications.
]]>PH buffers are solutions which prevent large variations in pH levels. Every pH level produced has a specified buffer capacity and buffer range. The capacity of the buffer refers to the amount of acid or base which can be added before the pH alters substantially.
]]>PH buffers are special solutions which prevent large variations in pH levels. Every pH level produced has a specified buffer capacity and buffer range. The capacity of the buffer refers to the amount of acid or base which can be added before the pH alters substantially. It may also be characterized as the level of strong acid or base that needs to be added to alter the pH of a liter of solution by one pH unit. The buffer range is the pH range where a buffer can effectively neutralize added acids and bases whilst maintaining a steady pH. This is critical for processes or reactions which need specific and stable pH ranges.
Using pH Buffers to Achieve Accurate Measurements
All experienced chemists will be extremely confident with the idea of pH value. The pH value of a substance pertains to the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion activity. Sometimes this is known as the potential of hydrogen in an aqueous solution. The pH of a solution is on a scale of 0-14 and is a temperature-dependent property, with water having a neutral pH of 7.47 at 0°C and 6.14 at 100°C.
To measure the pH value of a solution, potentiometers are usually employed, producing a 0 millivolt (mV) differential a reference and sensing electrode at pH 7. Changes in acidity or alkalinity with impact the electrode output and offer a precise electrochemical foundation for estimating the pH value. Estimating the pH value is only as accurate as the pH buffers used.
The Importance of using pH Buffer Solutions
PH buffers are often known as a hydrogen ion buffer and are aqueous solutions which have a traceable pH value that alters negligibly when combined with small amounts of acids or bases. PH buffers are usually made up of a combination of a conjugate base and a weak acid that absorbs excess hydrogen atoms to retain a stable pH value in solution. As such, they work well for calibrating electrochemical potentiometers for pH measurements with a low uncertainty to enhance traceability.
Chemists are increasingly following the NIST framework of pH metrology to create a chain of responsibility from the standard reference material (SRM) manufacturer all the way to the end-user. NIST-traceable pH buffers also set the benchmark for creating reliable pH measurements throughout the widest range of applications with uncertainties of values as little as 0.01 pH units.
]]>Tired of the limitations associated with purchasing standard reference materials through stock catalogs?
Custom single and multi-element certified reference materials (CRMs) from Inorganic Ventures represent an easier, cost-effective and faster way to secure the right analytical standard reference material for your specific use.
]]>Tired of the limitations associated with purchasing standard reference materials through stock catalogs? It can be an enormous time sink; scrolling through seemingly endless product pages, each with different concentrations and matrices, without any guarantee that you will find the best analytical standard for the task at hand.
Many chemists often skip the arduous process altogether, resorting to custom mixing their own analytical standards in house. However, there are pitfalls to this method too. Including extra hassle and no small amount of risk.
Fortunately, there is a better solution. Custom certified reference materials (CRMs) from Inorganic Ventures represent an easier, faster way to secure the right analytical standard reference material for your specific use case.
We always encourage our clients to share the burden of securing calibration standards. Allow us to shoulder the weight of manufacturing custom analytical standards based on your unique needs. This mitigates the time inefficiencies associated with off-the-shelf products, as well as the risk of blending analytical standards yourself in the lab.
Not convinced that custom CRMs are superior to analytical standards mixed in-house? Here are six reasons you should trust us to develop calibration solutions for your workflow, rather than blending them yourself.
1. Mixing analytical standards is expensive
Blending single-element analytical standards into a working solution demands both resources and time. Consider the administrative, equipment, and labor costs linked to stocking and measuring re-order points per solution. This rapidly adds up to a significant ongoing investment.
Using custom analytical standard from Inorganic Ventures ensures that you only pay for what you need. This makes inventory management much easier. Our CRMs are ready for immediate use without further preparation and you can easily dilute each standard straight from the bottle.
2. Documenting analytical standards is a pain
You always bear the burden of proof when mixing your own calibration standards. Labs that are held to the most stringent testing parameters must be constantly diligent that every standard is produced to the highest of standards. This requires an enormous degree of confidence and organization. It also requires nerves of steel if you are ever faced with an audit.
When using a custom from Inorganic Ventures, all regulatory documentation and associated paperwork (CoA and SDS) is taken care of for you, and is readily available for auditing. Our standards are manufactured and certified under our ISO 17025 and ISO 17034 Scopes.
3. Human error is a real risk
To err is human, and even experienced chemists make mistakes. You are bound to second guess the validity of your results at some point when mixing analytical standards in house. Unfortunately, there is no room for error in the analytical industry. Perhaps you are experiencing compatibility issues when mixing your calibration standards because of incorrect additions or an improper matrix – or a whole host of other common issues.
Common human errors that may compromise the integrity of your DIY working standard include:
4. Storing analytical standards can pose further problems
Transpiration can gradually increase the concentration of your analytical standards over time. Unfortunately, there is no way to combat this phenomenon when mixing your own working standards in-house, as it occurs due to water vapor ingress into the mixture, either through container walls or through the opening.
At Inorganic Ventures, we have developed a proprietary packaging system that effectively mitigates transpiration to preserve the integrity of our CRMs over longer periods. Transpiration Control Technology (TCT) prevents transpiration from the bottle using an equilibrium inside the heat-sealed container. Analytical standards packaged in this manner maintain their integrity for up to four years from the date of manufacture. Products may be stored for up to three years in the TCT bag, then up to another year following removal. The time and cost savings associated with constant inventory restocking are effectively eliminated, significantly easing your storage concerns.
5. Your lab could be introducing contaminants
Analytical standards must be packaged in ultra-clean bottles, and sterilized laboratory equipment and clean starter materials are used to prepare the CRM. It is possible to replicate these strict cleanliness conditions in your own lab, but this is another example of the labor intensity and cost requirements of mixing calibration standards yourself.
The Inorganic Ventures team has carried out extensive leaching studies to investigate contaminant levels in all materials used to manufacture our CRMs. We source the cleanest components (starting materials, weigh boats, pipets, bottles, etc.) and properly leach them all to achieve the cleanest final analytical standard possible. We also have a dedicated clean room equipped with a HEPA filtration system alongside ultra-high purity acids for manufacturing. This guarantees that no environmental contaminants are introduced at any point.
6. There is nowhere to turn when faced with unexpected results
It can be extremely difficult to narrow down the source of mistakes if your results go awry. Simple mistakes like going over volume will require boiling of the concentrate, typically in glass, which may just introduce more contaminants. The only solution therein is to start all over again.
The ESSLAB technical support team is ready to assist with sample preparation and is well-versed in troubleshooting to help with any issues that crop up during testing. Rely on our expertise if you run into any unexpected issues.
Spectroscopic applications typically require excellent accuracy and precision to ensure the ongoing validity of results. Today’s analytical ICP instruments are extremely well designed and can produce quality data for over a decade if the instrument is well maintained.
]]>Spectroscopic applications typically require excellent accuracy and precision to ensure the ongoing validity of results. Today’s analytical ICP instruments are extremely well designed and can produce quality data for over a decade if the instrument is well maintained. Along with scheduled maintenance, another resource to safeguard quality measurements is to utilize proper calibration standards for wavelength, mass, and concentration.
ICP-OES instruments require periodic wavelength calibration. This wavelength calibration is performed using a calibration standard that includes elements having emission lines across the UV/VIS spectrum. Maintaining proper wavelength calibration is important for ensuring peak centering is accurate, thus maximizing instrument sensitivity. Wavelength calibration will also ensure that any spectral interference identification built into the instrument software will be as accurate as possible.
Performing mass calibration on ICP-MS will provide similar benefits as wavelength calibration on ICP-OES such as maximizing instrument sensitivity and correcting for possible interferences.
Concentration calibration is the process of guaranteeing the spectrometer’s response to an analyte of known concentration, thus enabling test samples to be accurately quantified. Creating concentration calibration standards can be challenging when trying to blend multiple analytes. The laboratory technician needs to account for all possible wavelength or mass interferences resulting from mixing a blend of analytes as well as making sure the blend will be stable to ensure all analytes will remain in solution.
Notwithstanding the cost, documenting these standards can be a trial, storing standards for future use represents challenges, and human error can be a real risk. Hence the value of outsourcing CRMs and stopping preparing your own analytical standards in the lab.
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